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History and Methods of Fish Farming in Iran
The first activities related to fish farming in Iran date back to ۱۹۲۲ (۱۳۰۱ in the Iranian calendar), starting with the breeding and production of caviar-producing fish. Warm-water fish farming began in the 1960s (the 1340s in the Iranian calendar). Due to the high demand for farmed fish in Iran, today there are numerous fish farming centers across the country that breed and produce various species of aquatic animals using different methods.
Firstly, a bachelor’s degree related to fish farming is in the field of Natural Resources Engineering, especially in the Aquaculture and Fisheries specialization. Those interested in this profession can pursue this field for their undergraduate studies.
If you prefer a lower-level degree in fish farming, you can study in fields such as an associate degree in ornamental fish breeding and aquaculture and then begin practical work in this field. There are also courses in technical and vocational centers for training in fish farming.
It is important to note that after completing your studies, hands-on experience in fish ponds and farms, even for a short period, is highly beneficial and almost essential. This way, you can gain both scientific knowledge and practical experience in the profession.
Various aquatic animals, including fish, are cold-blooded, meaning they do not use energy to regulate their body temperature. As a result, they grow faster than other animals. This makes fish farming a highly profitable business. Among farmed species, trout, shrimp, and caviar-producing fish are considered the most profitable.
The choice of method depends on the type and species of fish. In general, fish farming methods fall into two main categories:
Cold-water Fish Farming
Warm-water Fish Farming
Breeding and farming in Danish earthen ponds
In tanks
In cement ponds
In floating cages
In enclosed coastal areas
In closed-loop systems
In agricultural irrigation canals
A) Extensive (subsistence-economic) method:
Fish breeding and farming in:
Water storage reservoirs (ponds and earthen dams)
Water sources behind dams
B) Semi-intensive fish farming:
Constructing earthen ponds for fish breeding
Building ponds above ground level
Excavating flat or gently sloped ponds
Excavating ponds with proper slopes
Integrated rice-fish farming
C) Intensive fish farming:
This method is generally applied in open ponds and closed (greenhouse) ponds, including:
Concrete ponds or non-earthen tanks
Floating cage farming
D) Fish farming in closed-loop systems
E) Aquaponics (integrated fish and plant cultivation)
Source: fardfishery.ir
